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Preventing Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV | Understanding HIV/AIDS | AIDSinfo

Preventing Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV | Understanding HIV/AIDS | AIDSinfo



12/06/2016 01:10 PM EST

Source: AIDSinfo
Related MedlinePlus Page: HIV/AIDS and Pregnancy

Key Points

  • Mother-to-child transmission of HIV is the spread of HIV from an HIV-infected woman to her child during pregnancy, childbirth (also called labor and delivery), or breastfeeding (through breast milk). Mother-to-child transmission is the most common way that children become infected with HIV.
  • Because of the use of HIV medicines and other strategies, fewer than 200 babies are born with HIV in the United States each year.  
  • Pregnant women with HIV receive HIV medicines during pregnancy and childbirth to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV. In some situations, a woman with HIV may have a scheduled cesarean delivery (sometimes called a C-section) to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV during delivery.
  • Babies born to women with HIV receive HIV medicine for 4 to 6 weeks after birth. The HIV medicine reduces the risk of infection from any HIV that may have entered a baby’s body during childbirth.
  • Because HIV can be transmitted in breast milk, women with HIV living in the United States should not breastfeed their babies. In the United States, baby formula is a safe and healthy alternative to breast milk.

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